Once you can make a decent sound, which is a lot more than just blowing, you have to change the pitch of that sound. With a bugle, say, in C, you can only play these notes, starting from middle C: C G C E G Bb C. Maybe higher if you develop the chops for it. These are the notes you hear in bugle calls. What about the other notes? That’s where the fun comes in! The horn is made up of lots of curved tubes. To play higher notes, you need shorter tubes, and to play lower notes, you need longer tubes. So, to play notes outside of that set of bugle-y notes, you just pull out a tube, and replace it with one (sitting on the floor beside you) of a different length.\
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